DEPARTMENT OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERINGCOVENEANT UNIVERSITY, CANNANLAND, OTA, OGUN STATE. PET327PETROLEUM ENGINEERING LABORATORYA REPORT ON EXPERIMENT 2- SAND CONTENT DETERMINATION IN AN AMOUNT OFDRILLING MUD.BYEMERUWA DENNIS15CN03244GROUP C 20TH JANUARY, 2018 ABSTRACTSand largely or majorly affects drilling mud. Therefore,knowledge of sand content is very important and critical in PetroleumEngineering. This is necessary because when sand is not properly evaluated in adrilling mud sample it can lead to unending damages both to the mud and theformation as well. Major areas usually affected during drilling due topercentage composition of sand in the sample are: deposition of deep filtercakes and damage to drilling equipment leading to excessive corrosion, etc. TABLE OF CONTENTABSTRACT ——————————————–2INTRODUCTION ————————————–4EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS ———————-5SAMPLE USED FOR THE EXPERIMENT ———–6PROCEDURES ——————————————7MAINTAINANCE—————————————8RESULT ————————————————–9CONCLUSION ——————————————10REFERENCE ——————————————–11 INTRODUCTIONThe basic aim of the experiment is to determine thepercentage composition of sand in a sample of drilling fluid. For thisexperiment the instrument used is called the Sand Content Kit, which containsthe measuring tube, wash bottle, combined funnel with screen mesh.
The threebasic samples used are Water, Sand and Bentonite. They are mixed together andusing the sand content kit the percentage composition of sand is determined. EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS1. TheSand Content Kit.
It contains the following:a. Measuringtube: This has two levels, which is the mud level and water level. Used formeasuring mud and waterb. Combinedfunnel with screen mesh: this is used to conduct already mixed drilling fluid c. Mesh:it prevents any sand that can cause damage from entering into the tube d. Washbottle: this is used to add water to the measuring tube and sieve and it also helps in washing the sandcontent left in the measuring tube.
2. ElectricMixer3. Beaker4.
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Spatula5. WeighingCylinder6. MeasuringCylinder SAMPLES USED FOR THEEXPERIMENT35g of bentonite350ml of water10g of Barite PROCEDURES1. Imeasured 350ml of water in the measuring cylinder.2. Iadded 35g of bentonite and 10 g of barite into the mixing cup alongside mymeasured water.
3. Imixed them with the electric mixer until I had smooth mud.4. Ipoured the mixture into the measuring tube until it reached the mud mark.
5. Usingthe wash bottle, I filled the remaining space with water to the watermark. 6. Ishook both vigorously until everything is mixed together.7. Ipoured the mixture into the sieve and discarded the filtrate.
8. Usingthe wash bottle, I rinsed the measuring tube until it was clean.9. AfterI filtered the mud, I inverted the screen with a funnel at the bottom.10.
ThenI washed the sand back into the measuring tube. 11. Iallowed the particles to settle before taking my reading.During the experiment I ensured thefollowing precautions:a. I avoided error due to parallax whiletaking readings from the measuring tube and cylinder.b. I ensured not to spill the mixedsample to enable me get accurate measurement.c.
I ensured the sand particles settledbefore taking my percentage composition of sand.After theentire experiment I cleaned my work space to ensure laboratory cleanliness.Maintenance1. Thoroughlywash any sand or drilling fluid from the screen, funnel and tube after eachuse.
Dry all equipment. Take special care to clean and dry the 200 mesh screen RESULT % COMPOSITION OF SAND IN SAMPLE 0.8% CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, the sand content of any drilling fluid should alwaysbe checked at intervals during drilling operation. The sand content should bepreferably low so as not to cause much damage to the drilling equipment and thedrilled formation. REFERENCEPET 315 NOTES BY DR. ENGR.
E.E.OKOROMud Laboratory Manual, Department of Petroleum Engineering,Covenant University.
