B.F Skinner demonstrated how positive reinforcementworks by placing a hungry rat in his Skinner box. The box contained a lever onthe side and as the rat started moving about the box, it would accidentallyknock the lever.
Immediately as it happened a food pellet would drop into acontainer next to the lever so the rat could feed of it .The rats immediatelylearned to go straight to the lever after a few times of being put into thebox. “The consequence of receiving food if they pressed the lever ensured thatthey would repeat the action repeatedly” (Learning–theories, 2017).Positive reinforcement strengthens a behavior byproviding a consequence an individual finds rewarding. Removing unpleasantreinforcement can also help to develop behavior. This would be identified as negativereinforcement because it has to get rid of an adverse stimulus, which is “rewarding” (learning theories,2017) to the individual. Negative reinforcementstrengthens behavior because it stops or removes an unpleasant experience .
B.FSkinner “demonstrated how negative reinforcement worked on rats by placing arat in his Skinner box” (Simply psychology, 2017) and then putting it through to an unpleasant electric current,” whichcaused it to irritate the rat”( Learning-theories , 2017). As the rat startedmoving in around the box, it would fortuitously knock the lever. Straight away as it did so, theelectric current would be turned off.
The rats were aware that it should gostraight to the lever after being put in the box couple of time. The punishmentof getting away from the electric current ensured that they would repeat theaction repeatedly. In actuality, Skinner even trained the rats to keep away fromthe electric current by switching on a light prior to electric current turningon. In short, time the rats were taught to press the lever as soon the lightcame on because they were conscious that this would stop the electric currentbeing switched on.
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