1.1: Cellulose and Bacterial cellulose. Cellulose is one of the most popular chemical compounds on earth .
it is a primary compound in plant cell essentially in a plantwall cell. Cellulose is a polysaccharide contains of hundreds or eventhousands of glucose units. It represents about 33% of plantstructure. In cotton, it represents 80% of its structure and 50% in wood. The structure of cellulose is a carbohydrate composed of carbon,hydrogen and oxygen.it has molecular formula is (C6H10O5).
The Cellulose is composed D-glucose unitslinked by ?1, 4 glycoside bonds. So, poly (1, 4-?-D-glucopyranoside). It used in many different industries forexample: Manufacture of paper, plastics, plant textiles and explosives.
Figure 1.1: Formation of cellulose from glucose.Bacterial cellulose or microbialcellulose is an organic compound and it is one of biopolymer methods that produced byspecific type of bacteria. In the 20th century therewas no appearance of cellulose bacteria. However, it was discovered in 1886 byA.J.
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Brown. That produced from bacteria called Acetobacter xylinum. In thesecond half of the 20th A.J. Brown again discovered bacterial cellulose as a model bacterium by histeren with culture medium by fermentation of Louisiana sugarcane juice.
Bacterialcellulose has unique chemical and physical properties such as crystallinity, bigsurface area, Biocompatibility, purity, high degree of porosity, relative highpermeability to liquid and gases, also has higher tensile strength and waterholding capacity that making it more appropriate raw material for producinghigh quality paper and dessert foods. BC have different Application due to itsproperties These unique properties make BC grow to have a good structure and shapethat is needed for different applications. The application in medical and cosmeticas biomaterial.
. In medical such as especially in burn cases and in cosmeticinclude facial mask and contact lenses. Moreover, in food such as immobilizationof enzymes and cells and low cholesterol diet. Moreover in paper and textile.
